基于QTL定位的芒果抗炭疽病分子遗传机制解析

项目名称： 基于QTL定位的芒果抗炭疽病分子遗传机制解析

项目编号： No.31501721

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 罗纯

作者单位： 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 炭疽病在芒果栽培与采后贮运过程中普遍发生，严重影响芒果产业发展，解析芒果抗病分子遗传机制，创建抗病且品质优良的新种质是解决该问题的有效方法。抗病多为数量性状且可能存在连锁遗传，但芒果抗炭疽病数量性状位点（QTL）相关研究未见报道。为了弄清炭疽病抗性遗传规律及连锁标记，我们构建了金煌×爱文芒果炭疽病抗、感杂交F1代群体，对亲本和176个F1代单株进行了初步抗性鉴定，发现后代存在抗、感分离。本研究拟以此群体为材料，构建F1代群体抗、感基因池，采用特异性长度扩增片段测序技术（SLAF-seq）对亲本、F1代单株和抗、感基因池进行简化基因组测序，筛选多态性SNP，并联合项目组前期开发的EST-SSR构建高密度遗传图谱。在此基础上，结合抗性分离数据的遗传分析结果，实现芒果抗炭疽病QTL定位，初步解析芒果抗炭疽病分子遗传机制，为芒果抗病机制研究与抗病种质创建打下基础，具有理论与实践的双重意义。

中文关键词： 芒果；抗性杂交群体；特异性长度扩增片段测序；遗传图谱；分子标记辅助选择

英文摘要： Anthracnose, which occurs frequently during the cultivation and postharvest storage of mango, severely affects the development of mango industry. Analyzing the molecular genetic mechanism of disease resistance and breeding new variety with anthracnose resistance and good quality can solve this prolem effectively. Disease resistance is always a quantitative trait and it may show a genetic link, but there is no report about the QTL (quantitative trait locus) analysis of anthracnose resistance in mango. To clarify the inheritance of anthracnose resistance and linked markers, we have constructed F1 segregated population derived from Jin-Hwang （highly resistant to anthracnose） and Irwin mango (highly susceptible to anthracnose). This F1 population will be used as experimental material in this project. The resistant and susceptible gene pools will be made; The parents, F1 population and two gene pools will be sequenced by using specific length fragments amplified sequencing technology (SLAF-seq), the polymorphic SNP markers will be screened, and the mango high-density genetic map will be constructed by using SNP and EST-SSR molecular markers; QTL associated with anthracnose resistance will be mapped and analyzed through combining the genetic map and disease resistance evaluation result. Results from this study will elucidate the molecular genetic mechanism of anthracnose resistance and provide theoretical and practical foundation for studying disease resistance mechanism and breeding resistant mango varieties.

英文关键词： mango (Mangifera indica L.);resistant cross population;specific-length amplified fragment sequencing;genetic map;marker-assisted selection