喀斯特地区植物花色多态性及其维持机制的研究

项目名称： 喀斯特地区植物花色多态性及其维持机制的研究

项目编号： No.31300317

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 汤晓辛

作者单位： 贵州师范大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 花的颜色在一些植物的不同个体之间存在着明显差异。目前对花色多态性现象的解释，主要有两种假说：一种是早期的"传粉者选择"假说；一种是近年来提出的"多效性假说"。后者认为，种子扩散前的啃食作用和非生物因素是维持种内花色多态性的重要原因。然而，这两种假说仍缺乏直接证据,缺乏同时对多个生态因子量化的综合研究。我们前期调查发现贵州喀斯特地区分布有多个花色多态性的物种。本项目计划深入调查该地区野生植物花色多态性的现象,考察花色变异是否与环境因子有关？花色是否与其它特征相关？拟选择该地区紫苏等花色多态性物种为材料，量化花色，结合野外、室内人工控制实验、分析多个因子对花色的选择方向和选择强度，以及花色与其它花部性状之间的相关选择。探讨传粉者、种子扩散前啃食者、非生物环境等多因素作用下花色多态性的维持机制。这些量化的选择数据不仅可以检验花色多态性的假说，而且可为花部特征的演化提供新证据。

中文关键词： 花色多态；传粉者介导的选择；多效性假说；喀斯特地区；

英文摘要： Flower color polymorphism refers to individuals of the same species with different flower color in nature. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain such phenonmenon,including an early hypothesis of "Pollinator selection" and recent "pleiotropic selection hypothesis". The latter hypothesis considered that predispersal seed predators and abiotic environment may play major roles in flower color polymorphism rather than pollinators. However, previous studies only provided indirect supports for these two hypotheses respectively. Quantitive analysis of various ecological factors involving both biotic and abiotic ones remains scarce. In an initial investigation, we noted flower color polymorphism in several species in karst area of Guizhou Province, southwest China.To understand the maintenance of flower color polymorphism, in this project we plan to further investigate flower color polymorphism in wild species in the karst area and their habitats, to address whether flower color polymorphism relates to environmental heterozygosity or whether flower color evolves independently or correlates with other plant traits. We plan to focus on some species in the area such as Perilla frutescens to measure flower color quantitatively, and conduct the field experiments, artificial control experiments and statistical methods.

英文关键词： flower color polymorphism；pollinator-mediated selection；pleiotropic effects；Karst area；