长石-锂辉石型伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物浮选体系中组合药剂的界面作用研究

项目名称： 长石-锂辉石型伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物浮选体系中组合药剂的界面作用研究

项目编号： No.51304162

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 徐龙华

作者单位： 西南科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本研究针对伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物晶体结构复杂、表面性质相似、与浮选药剂作用选择性差的特点，以锂辉石、长石、云母、石英等矿物为研究对象，运用晶体化学、密度泛函理论等工具，研究矿物晶体结构、表面性质与浮选行为的关系；通过浮选溶液化学计算、XPS、红外光谱测试等手段，研究矿物表面组分溶解平衡、浮选剂浮选溶液化学行为、复杂界面相互作用以及组合用药规律，从而形成伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物浮选体系界面调控机制，再结合浮选实践筛选出高效组合药剂；采用动电位测试、反相高效液相色谱分析、荧光探针技术及分子动力学模拟等方法研究组合调整剂的竞争吸附、组合捕收剂在矿物表面的吸附特性及组合药剂的协同作用机制，揭示组合药剂在矿物表面的界面组装机制与行为，为组合药剂浮选分离伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物提供理论基础。该研究对于高效分选伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物和提高长石-锂辉石型伟晶岩矿产资源综合利用率等具有重要的实际意义，同时可以丰富浮选组合药剂使用理论。

中文关键词： 锂辉石；伟晶岩硅酸盐矿物；阴阳离子组合捕收剂；界面组装；强化浮选

英文摘要： In view of pegmatite silicate minerals having complex crystal structures, similar surface properties and poor selectivity with flotation reagents，spodumene, feldspar, mica and quartz in feldspar-spodumene pegmatite silicate minerals flotation system are taken as the object of study. Firstly, the correlation between mineral flotation behavior and crystal strcucture as well as surface properties is investigated by applying tools based on theories of crystal chemistry and density functional theory. Secondly, dissolution equilibrium of dissolved components from mineral surface, flotation solution chemistry behavior of reagents, complex interface reactions between mineral and reagents and combination regularity of using reagents are studied by adopting the surface analysis methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), infrared spectroscopic(FTIR) and solution chemistry calculations, which leads to interface regulation mechanism of feldspar-spodumene pegmatite silicate minerals flotation system. Meanwhile, the efficient combined flotation reagents are screened by combining with ore flotation practice. Lastly, the competitive adsorption of mixed regulators along with the synergistic effect and the adsorption of mixed collectors are investigated through zeta potential measurements, reversed phase high-performan

英文关键词： spodumene；pegmatite silicate minerals；mixed anionic/cationic collectors；interface self-assemble；strengthening flotation