油棕脂肪酸合成代谢相关miRNAs的发掘及其调控机制研究

项目名称： 油棕脂肪酸合成代谢相关miRNAs的发掘及其调控机制研究

项目编号： No.31260193

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 郑育声

作者单位： 海南大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 油棕（Elaeis guineensis Jacg），为典型的热带油料植物，是海南最具特色的热带经济作物之一。业已证实，MicroRNAs(miRNAs)在植物许多重要性状相关的功能基因调控网络中发挥重要作用，但在油棕脂肪酸合成代谢中的调控作用还不清楚。在前期研究中，我们以油棕果实为材料，开展了转录组测序工作，获得了不同发育时期差异表达的功能基因。在此基础上，拟开展两方面的研究:1）开展大规模油棕的中果皮miRNA的发掘，获得其中新的、特异表达的miRNA；2）在大规模测序的基础上筛选脂肪酸代谢相关miRNA，预测其靶基因，通过遗传转化方法对miRNA与相关靶基因进行功能验证，探究miRNA表达对脂肪酸生物合成的影响, 揭示相关miRNA 在植物脂肪酸代谢途径中的调控机理。本研究的进行将有利于进一步理解油棕脂肪酸代谢的分子调控机理，为今后针对性地改良脂肪酸合成提供重要的物质基础和技术平台。

中文关键词： 油棕；脂肪酸合成；microRNA；表达谱；调控机制

英文摘要： Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacg）is a perennial tropical tree crop and the highest oil producing plant. This fruit is usually in producing two valuable vegetable oils: palm oil and palm kernel oil. Among them, palm oil, extractable from the outer flesh (mesocarp) of oil palm, is second only to soyabean oil in the total world's production of vegetable oils. MiRNAs, which are approximately 18 to 25 nucleotides long and produced from hairpin-shaped precursors, regulate genes expression in eukaryotes by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or cleavage. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs exist extensively in plants with high conservation and have crucial regulatory functions in diverse biological processes, including plant development and seed formation, yet their population and function of fatty acid anabolism in fruit of oil palm are still not well understood, especially at different developmental stages and tissues with varied oil contents. In our previous studies, we systematically sequence and bioinformatics analyze the transcriptome of oil palm mesocarp and found many genes are significantly different expression among five development phases. These results strongly imply that, to some extent, there maybe exist some regulatory factors acting on these genes which invovled in fatty acid biosynthesis path

英文关键词： oil palm；fatty acid biosynthesis；microRNA；pattern；regulatory mechanism