亚弹速钢粒子冲击破岩机理研究

项目名称： 亚弹速钢粒子冲击破岩机理研究

项目编号： No.50874095

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 况雨春

作者单位： 西南石油大学

项目金额： 38万元

中文摘要： 我国深部油气藏资源丰富，勘探开发的首要任务之一是解决深井大尺寸井段及深部难钻地层钻井效率低的难题。粒子冲击钻井是一种高效的硬地层钻井新方法，其破岩机理是该项技术实施所必须解决的核心问题。本课题以硬地层岩石为目标，以岩石静、动态本构关系实验以及小尺度（相对于弹丸）球形硬质钢粒子在常压亚弹速条件下的室内冲击破岩实验研究为基础，并结合岩石破碎学和弹体侵彻半无限靶体的空腔膨胀理论，进行其破岩机理的实验和理论研究。开发钢粒子在常压和围压下的瞬态冲击动力学数值模拟分析模块，探索常压及围压下粒子冲击破岩所必须满足的基本力学条件，建立粒子的直径、入射角度和冲击初速度等因素与岩石破碎效果的关系，研究其冲击破碎岩石的开坑、侵彻和停止三个阶段的力学规律和破岩机理。为未来的粒子冲击钻井的钻头、配套设备和钻井工艺等方面的设计奠定理论基础。其理论成果也可用于采矿岩石钻掘和钻地武器终点效应等方面研究。

中文关键词： 球形硬质钢粒；冲击破岩；亚弹速；硬地层；钻井

英文摘要： Oil and gas resources is rich in deep reservoir in our country. One of best important works is to improve drilling efficiency during exploration and development. Particle impact drilling Technology is a highly effective new methods for hard formation drilling, and its rock-breaking mechanism is the technical core issues which must to be resolved. This project focus on the breaking mechanism of hard rock formation, and a series of experiments will be proposed which include static and dynamic constitutive relations of hard rock, as well as impact breaking mechanism of small-scale spherical steel particles by sub-bullet velocity in atmosphere. The rock-breaking mechanism of experimental and theoretical research will be executed include the experiments above, rock-breaking mechanics and broken shells of penetration of semi-infinite target of the cavity expansion theory. The transient dynamic model will be developed to simulate steel particles impacting rock under atmospheric pressure and confining pressure, and to research impacting mechanism, as well as to establish the relationship of breaking affection with the particle diameter, the angle and the initial velocity of the impact direction. The mechanical and rock-breaking mechanism of three stages, breaking, penetration and stop, will also be researched. This project will founded theoretical basis of particle impact drilling bit, equipment and drilling technology, and Its theoretical results can also be used for mining and weapons.

英文关键词： steel particle；impact drilling；sub-bullet-velocity；hard formations；drilling engineering