微咸水补充灌溉压砂地水盐运移规律及西瓜响应机理

项目名称： 微咸水补充灌溉压砂地水盐运移规律及西瓜响应机理

项目编号： No.51309135

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 谭军利

作者单位： 宁夏大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 水资源短缺是限制宁夏中部干旱带压砂西瓜产业发展的最关键因素。利用较为丰富的地下微咸水是解决该地区水资源供需矛盾的有效途径，但在无洗盐措施的压砂地上长期使用微咸水灌溉容易引起土壤盐渍化，进而影响作物生长和产品品质。因此，如何安全高效地利用微咸水是压砂西瓜可持续生产中亟待解决的问题，而明确微咸水灌溉条件下压砂地土壤的水盐分布特征及其运移规律和西瓜的响应机理是解决这一问题的关键。本项目通过田间定位试验和土柱模拟试验的方法，分析不同覆砂厚度、砂石级配、微咸水补灌量下土壤水分和盐分的动态变化，揭示微咸水补灌条件下压砂地土壤盐分的分布特征和运移规律；同时，研究微咸水补溉对西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响，阐明压砂地西瓜对微咸水补溉的响应机理。研究结果将为优化和制定压砂地西瓜微咸水灌溉制度提供理论依据，为宁夏中部干旱带压砂瓜产业持续发展提供保障。

中文关键词： 微咸水灌溉；压砂地；西瓜；土壤盐分；土壤水分

英文摘要： Shortage of water resource is the most key factor to restrain the development of watermelon industry planting with gravel mulch in the arid area in central Ningxia. Utilization of underground brackish water is an effective way to resolve the contradiction between water supply and demand in this region. However,long-term brackish water irrigation might cause soil salinization if without leaching salts practice in arid region. Furthermore,it could affect crop growth and product quality also.Therefore how to safely and efficiently utilize brackish water is the problem to be solved in sustained watermelon production on the field with gravel mulching. Clarification the distibution characteristics and movement of water and salt and the response mechanism of watermelon is the key to solve the problem. This research is to study the effects of thickness and textural composition of gravel layer and the amount of brackish water on the dynamic changes of water and salt ,the effect of brackish water supplementary irrigation on growth, yield and fruit quality through field experiment and soil column simulation.The objectives are to ⅰ) reveal the distribution characteristics and movement of soil salt with gravel mulches under the condition of brackish water supplementary irrigation;ⅱ)calrify the response mechanism of watermel

英文关键词： Brackish water irrigation；gravel-sand mulched field；watermelon；soil salt content；soil water content