项目名称: 土壤水分对水稻籽粒灌浆的调控作用及其机理
项目编号: No.31501264
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 农业科学
项目作者: 陈婷婷
作者单位: 中国水稻研究所
项目金额: 20万元
中文摘要: 籽粒灌浆是水稻产量形成的重要过程,水分管理是水稻生产实践中一项重要的栽培调控措施。目前,对于土壤水分调控水稻籽粒灌浆的机理尚不清楚。本项目以抗旱性有显著差异的两个近等基因系品种为材料,主要研究:(1)不同抗旱性水稻品种籽粒灌浆的特征;(2)土壤水分对不同抗旱性水稻品种籽粒灌浆的调控作用及其机理(相关激素、酶活性、基因和蛋白质表达);(3)水、氮管理对水稻籽粒灌浆的影响及其机理。通过上述研究,以期明确不同抗旱性水稻品种籽粒灌浆的特征,阐明土壤水分对不同抗旱性水稻品种籽粒灌浆的调控作用及其机理,提出调控水稻籽粒灌浆的水、氮管理技术,为水稻高产优质栽培和抗旱育种提供理论和实践指导。
中文关键词: 水稻;籽粒灌浆;土壤水分;调控机理
英文摘要: Grain filling of rice is the important growth stage that determines grain yield. Water management is one of the most important cultivation measures and regulating factors in rice production. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of water on grain filling of rice is not clear. Two near-isogenic rice lines that significantly differing in drought resistance are used, we mainly study (1) grain filling characteristics of the rice varieties that with different drought resistance, (2) effect of different soil water contents on grain filling and the physiological mechanism (endogenous hormones, enzyme activities, gene expressions and protein expressions that related to grain filling), and (3) effect of water and nitrogen management on grain filling and the mechanism. This study aims to definite the grain filling characteristics of the corresponding varieties with different drought resistance, clarify the regulation of water on grain filling and the mechanism involved, and propose cultivation approach and management techniques of water and nitrogen to regulate grain filling. The output of the program will be able to provide important theoretical bases and practical guidance for high-yielding and good-quality cultivation and drought-resistance breeding of rice.
英文关键词: Rice;Grain filling;Soil water;Regulation mechanism