煤焦油加氢NiW碳化物催化剂的构效关系和演化调控机制

项目名称： 煤焦油加氢NiW碳化物催化剂的构效关系和演化调控机制

项目编号： No.21506251

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 张海永

作者单位： 中国矿业大学（北京）

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 低温煤焦油经催化加氢可以制备富含环烷烃和氢化芳烃的高性能的喷气燃料组分，但直接采用对石油加氢处理的商品催化剂却难以达到理想的效果，其根本原因在于传统催化剂的功能设计无法满足以芳烃饱和、加氢脱氮和加氢脱氧为主导的需求。催化剂在提高加氢活性的同时要注重与氢解和裂化活性的协调性。. 过渡金属碳化物具有与贵金属相似的加氢活性及更强的抗中毒能力，但其本体催化剂的表面积较小。本研究通过制备不同组成的负载型NiW碳化物催化剂，并以含有N、O杂原子化合物的芳烃组分为原料进行典型的催化加氢反应，结合油品分析及催化剂表征结果，研究催化剂的构效关系和催化机理，明晰催化剂在反应过程中的演化行为和调控机制，为低温煤焦油加氢制备喷气燃料提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 煤焦油；加氢催化剂；碳化物；构效关系；演化机制

英文摘要： Premium jet fuel fraction rich in cycloalkanes and hydroaromatics could be prepared by hydroprocessing of low-temperature coal tar. But the expected ideal result is difficult to obtain by using the commercial hydroprocessing catalysts for petroluem directly, since the function designed for traditional catalysts can hardly meet the requirement mailny for aromatics saturation, hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation. The hydrogenation activity and its coordination with hydrogenolysis and cracking acitivities should be pay much attention.. Transition metal carbides are comparable with noble metal for hydrogenation while are more resistant to poisons, with the disadvantage of small specific area. In this research, supported NiW carbides with different compositions would be prepared and the hydrogenation of aromatics with N and/or O containing compounds would be performed as typical catalytic reactions. Based on the data of oil analysis and catalyst characterization, the structure-performance relation and catalytic mechanism would be investigated, while the transformation and control mechanism of metal carbides during hydrogenation process would also be clarified to provide fundamental theories for further preparation of jet fuel from low temperature coal tar.

英文关键词： coal tar;hydrogenation catalyst;carbide;structure-performance relation;transformation mechanism