西北沙区花棒土壤共生真菌物种多样性演替规律研究

项目名称： 西北沙区花棒土壤共生真菌物种多样性演替规律研究

项目编号： No.31470533

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 贺学礼

作者单位： 河北大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 花棒（Hedysarum scoparium），又名细枝岩黄耆，隶属于豆科岩黄耆属，是亚洲内陆沙地特有种和流沙环境下的先锋植物和植被建群种，主要分布于我国西北荒漠地区，其特殊的物种地理分化格局、生长特性和科学价值倍受关注。本项目以沙生植物与土壤真菌共生关系作为切入点，通过连续三年沿花棒天然分布带，分不同生态区、样地和宿主植物采集土壤和根系样品，分离培养AM和DSE真菌，通过形态学、微形态学、组织化学和分子方法研究相结合，进行真菌地理变异、性状变异统计和系统分类，比较分析不同样地AM和DSE真菌群落组成、物种多样性及其与宿主植物和土壤因子之间的相互作用，阐明AM和DSE真菌随花棒物种地理分化的演替规律和菌根形成特征；发掘和保育AM和DSE真菌资源，揭示花棒与土壤真菌共生机制及其适应极端环境的生态策略，为菌根生物技术应用和荒漠植被恢复提供依据。

中文关键词： 漠境AM和DSE；物种多样性；生态异质性；共生关系；花棒物种分化

英文摘要： Hedysarum scoparium,which is constructive speices in quicksand environment and endemic species in Asian desert, mainly distribut in desert area of northwest China,and is increasingly paid attention for its differentiation of ecogeographical pattern,growth characteristics and scientific value.The symbiotic relationships between desert plant and soil fungi served as a starting point of this project.Soil and roots samples were collected along with the natural distribution of Hedysarum scoparium for three consecutive years,according to the different ecological sites,host plants and sampling plots.AM and DSE fungi were collected and cultured,and fungal species were classificated and identificated in terms of morphology,micro-morphology,histochemistry,molecular techniques and geographical variation and variation of traits analyzing.The community composition and species diversity of AM and DSE fungi,and interaction with host plants and soil environment. Afterward,the succession dynamics of AM and DSE fungi and formation mechanism of mycorrhizal symbiosis with host plant ecogeographical differentiation were clarified,and the resources of AM and DSE fungi were excavated.In summary,this project is to reveal the symbiotic mechanism of host plant and soil fungi,and ecological strategy adaptable to the extreme desert environments,and provide the basis for mycorrhizal biotechnology for the resource protection and vegetation restoration of Hedysarum scoparium.

英文关键词： AM and DSE fungi;species diversity;ecological dynamics;symbiotic relationship;species differentiation of Hedysarum scoparium