毛竹LTR反转录转座子转座调控机理及对宿主生物多样性的影响

项目名称： 毛竹LTR反转录转座子转座调控机理及对宿主生物多样性的影响

项目编号： No.31470615

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 周明兵

作者单位： 浙江农林大学

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： LTR反转录转座子是植物基因组分布最为广泛，也是毛竹基因组含量最为丰富的一类转座子，前期研究结果表明反转录转座子很可能参与了早期毛竹基因组加倍后基因功能的分化和基因表达调控网络的形成，本项目组计划在此基础上， 1)研究反转录转座子在毛竹基因组进化过程中的分布和增殖模式，解析转座子扩散模式对毛竹基因组多态性和生物多样性的影响；2）分析反转录转座子对宿主基因表达模式的影响，阐明转座子与基因表达调控网络互作机制，深度剖析反转录转座子在基因组大量存在的生物学意义；3）解析反转录转座子在毛竹生长发育和形态变异过程中的参与机制，从全新视角来探讨隐藏在竹类植物各种各样的形态变异背后的分子机理。本课题的预期研究结果将大大丰富人们对毛竹基因组结构和进化的认识；阐明竹子形态易变、多变的分子机制；内源活性反转录转座子的鉴定为构建毛竹突变体库奠定基础，为竹子育种提供新策略和新工具，促进竹亚科植物育种进程。

中文关键词： 毛竹；LTR反转录转座子；转座；生物多样性

英文摘要： LTR retro-elements (Long Terminal Repeat retro-elements ) are ubiquitous in the plant genomes and abundant components of moso bamboo genome. The preliminary research results show that after the duplicate of moso bamboo genome, LTR retro-elements might be involved into the differentiation of moso bamboo gene functions and the conformation of the regulation network of the moso bamboo gene expression. So, based on above results, we plan to, 1)investigate the distribution and proliferation pattern of LTR retro-elements in the moso bamboo genome during moso bamboo genome evolves, and analyze the impact that the spread and proliferation pattern of LTR retro-elements play on the polymorphism and biodiversity of moso bamboo genome, 2)investigate the influence of LTR retro-elements on the host gene expression pattern, clarify the interactional mechanism between LTR retro-elements and the regulation network of the host gene expression, and explain the biological significance of the abundant contents of LTR retro-elements in host genome, 3)analyze the involved mechanisms of LTR retro-elements into the moso bamboo growth and development and morphological variation, and explore the molecular mechanism underlying the sundry bamboo morphological variations. In all, the expected research results would enrich the understanding of the structure and evolution of moso bamboo, acquire a good knowledge of the molecular mechanism of unstable bamboo morphological variations, make the foundation of the construction of the moso bamboo mutant library with the help of the characterized active LTR retro-elements, which would provide the new strategy and tool for bamboo breeding and accelerate the process of bamboo breeding.

英文关键词： Phyllostachys heterocycla cv pubescens;LTR retrotransposon;transposition;biodiversity