基于WRF/UCM的沿海高密度城市通风规划策略研究-以大连为例

项目名称： 基于WRF/UCM的沿海高密度城市通风规划策略研究-以大连为例

项目编号： No.51308087

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 郭飞

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 由于经济发展和土地集约利用等要求，现代城市以高密度为主要特征，由此带来热岛效应、空气污染等问题，即使像大连这样的沿海城市也无法避免。通过合理规划提升高密度城市自然通风能力、缓解这些矛盾，成为当前国内外研究的热点。由于常规的CFD技术难以模拟城市尺度的复杂物理现象，本项目引入了气象学领域的中尺度数值模拟技术（WRF/UCM），对大连海陆风特征的城市风环境进行模拟，并将模拟结果与GIS高精度数据库相叠加制作风环境分析图，研究高密度城市的形态、规划指标对海陆风的影响规律，评估城市的热舒适度。本项目可提出改善高密度城市通风能力的规划策略；发掘海陆风渗透进入城市的通风道；分析城市规划指标合理阈值；提出简便科学的通风能力评估指标。通过对大连特殊地理气候条件展开的促进城市通风、缓解热岛效应的规划保障技术研究，不仅可改善本地区的热环境和城市生活品质，对北方其他沿海城市也具有重要参考意义。

中文关键词： WRF/UCM；城市环境；城市热岛；城市形态；城市规划

英文摘要： Heat island effect and air pollution are now more than ever frequenting modern cities characterized by high-density residence demanded by the needs of economic developments and intensive use of land, which becomes inevitable even in such coastal cities as Dalian. It has attracted increasing attention both at home and abroad to alleviate these contradictions through reasonable urban planning to promote high-density cities' ventilation ability. Due to the disadvantage of conventional CFD method in simulating complicated physical phenomena in an urban scale, this study introduces a mesoscale numeric simulating technology-WRF/UCM-from meteorology to simulate the sea-land breeze environment in Dalian. The results are overlaid with the GIS high resolution data to make an urban wind environment analysis map, which can be used to study the influence of high-density city morphology and urban planning index on sea-land breeze, and to evaluate the thermal comfort of the urban environments. This research can put up with urban planning strategies to ameliorate natural ventilation in high-density urban environments, to explore ventilation paths allowing sea breeze to permeate the urban area, to analyze the reasonable threshold of urban planning index, and to propose concise and scientific ventilation ability index. The planni

英文关键词： WRF/UCM；urban environment；urban heat island；urban morphology；urban planning