新型利用极低品位热吸收/跨临界循环复合制冷系统研究

项目名称： 新型利用极低品位热吸收/跨临界循环复合制冷系统研究

项目编号： No.51206140

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 工程热物理与能源利用学科

项目作者： 何一坚

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 吸收制冷技术具有利用低品位热制冷的优点，也面临着降低最低驱动热源温度以利用更低品位热能有效制冷的有力挑战。现在，新发展的吸收/压缩复合制冷技术已能较好地解决利用温度比较低的热能有效制冷的问题，但是，仍然无法解决利用温度更低的极低品位热有效制冷的难题。跨临界循环作为一类新循环，相较于常规压缩制冷（热泵）循环具有在比较宽广的温度范围内高效工作的优点。本项目把跨临界循环应用于吸收制冷，提出了由吸收制冷子系统与跨临界热泵子系统构成的可以有效利用极低品位热制冷的新型复合制冷系统。初步的理论计算结果表明新系统能利用50～60℃极低品位热获得5℃～7℃制冷，COP可较常规吸收制冷技术提高约25～35%并且其驱动热源的最低温度可以降低约15～25℃。项目拟着重研究新系统中吸收制冷子系统与跨临界热泵子系统之间比较复杂的能量耦合与转换现象，以厘清其能量耦合机理以及利用极低品位热有效制冷的工作机理。

中文关键词： 吸收制冷循环；跨临界循环；复合制冷系统；极低品位热利用；机理

英文摘要： An absorption refrigeration system has advantages of utilizing low-grade thermal energy; however, now, absorption refrigeration techonologies encounter interesting challenges to lower its minimum actuating temperatures and achieve more efficient cooling. Although a newly developed absorption/compression refrigeration hybrid system can achieve efficient cooling by utlilizing thermal energy at rather low temperatures,currently, it is still very difficult to achieve efficient cooling by utlizing ultra low-grade thermal energy at lower temperatures. Accordingly, newly developed absorption/cmpression refrigeration hybrid technologies just partially overcome such challeneges. Besides, as a class of new cycles, transcritical cycles show more excellent characteristics than those of conventional compression cycles. It has been proved that transcritical cycles can work well under a very wide operation temperatures. And hence, a transcritical cycle is used to combine with an absorption refrigeration cycle in this proposal, thus, aiming at achieving efficient cooling by utilizing ultra low-grade thermal energy, a novel absorption/transcritical cycle hybrid refrigeration system is proposed. This new system is composed of an absorption refrigeration subsystem and a transcritical heat pump subsystem, and it can achieve efficie

英文关键词： absorption refrigeration cycle；transcritical cycle；hybrid refrigeration system；utilizing of ultra-low-grade heat；mechanism