气波增压强化压力振荡管制冷性能研究

项目名称： 气波增压强化压力振荡管制冷性能研究

项目编号： No.21476036

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 胡大鹏

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 将压力能直接转换为低品位热能是气波制冷技术的主要缺陷。本项目提出气波增压强化气波制冷的方法。该方法利用气波增压特性，提高排出气体压力，实现膨胀压力能的有效回收。通过匹配振荡管内运动波系，在管内形成比出口压力低的内循环低温低压区，增加有效膨胀比，大幅度提高制冷效率。项目主要工作：1.分析气波振荡管内波动流场，获得包含气波膨胀和增压过程的压力振荡管内波系之间定量关系，形成理想波图；2.分析间歇射流在管内生成波系和分界面的渐变过程，探寻减小该过程能量损失有效方法；3.分析气体低温冷凝、带液和真实气体效应对管内的流动和热效应的影响，探索含有相变的气波制冷机理；4.分析结构和操作参数对管内波动和热效应的影响机理，优化振荡管制冷的运行条件；5.分析管内低温低压区的流动特性，确定装置内循环流动和换热方式，获得冷量取出的有效方法。气波增压强化制冷机制可大幅提高气波振荡管制冷效率，促进气波制冷技术发展。

中文关键词： 非定常流动；膨胀制冷；气波增压；压力振荡管；激波

英文摘要： A major disadvantage of GAS-Wave Refrigeration (GWR) is its need to transform pressure energy into low-quality thermal energy. This project proposes a pressure-enhancing GWR mechanism, which utilizes the pressure-enhancing property of gas waves to recycle expansion energy through a compression process. Such process transforms expansion energy, which is usually released and wasted in the form of thermal energy by traditional GWR techniques, into pressure energy. In the proposed pressure-enhancing GWR mechanism, the flow and distribution of gas waves is optimized so that expansion waves are used to produce low-pressure gas, which is then compressed by compression waves generated during the expansion, resulting in an increase in the effective expansion ratio and, consequently, a high refrigeration efficiency. The main research issues of this project include: (1) analyzing the flow field in a pressure-enhancing oscillating tube and establishing quantitative relationships between gas waves to obtain the ideal wave map inside the tube, (2) analyzing the dynamic evolving behaviors of gas waves and the interface to minimize energy dissipation in the intermittent-jetting process, (3) investigating variances of the temperature distributions inside the low-pressure region under different gas waves to optimize the circulation process and develop an optimal cold-outputting method, (4) investigating the effects of condensation, moisture and real gas on wave flow and heating inside the tube to understand the gas-wave refrigeration mechanism when phase change exists, and (5) investigating the effects of structure and operation parameters on wave flow and heating inside an oscillating tube to improve operation conditions of the refrigeration tube. The aim of this project is to investigate and apply the proposed pressure-enhancing mechanism to improve the performance of GWR oscillating tubes for the development of gas-wave refrigeration techniques.

英文关键词： unsteady flow;expansion refrigerator;gas wave compressor;pressure oscillating tube;shock waves