中国木莲属（木兰科)植物的分类学研究

项目名称： 中国木莲属（木兰科)植物的分类学研究

项目编号： No.30871960

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 曾庆文

作者单位： 中国科学院华南植物园

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本项目在广泛野外调查、查阅标本和文献的基础上，全面系统地对中国木莲属植物进行形态解剖学、孢粉学、居群生物学、生物地理学、杂交亲和性等方面的研究，揭示其变异式样与变异规律，探讨各类群间的亲缘关系，综合评价各形态特征的分类学意义，筛选出最有用的分类特征，完成中国木莲属植物的分类修订，为本属森林植物资源的合理开发和可持续利用提供依据。结果表明花蕾佛焰苞毛被、花蕾形状、雌蕊群毛被和形状、心皮数、花梗直立与否及粗细、表皮细胞、气孔器形状、毛被类型、毛座特征、角质层蜡被特征、种子合点区特征、种子表面纹饰、种子形状和大小、种脊特征、种子表面细胞特征及种子表面细胞内平周壁纹饰、花粉表面纹饰等特征具有重要的分类学价值，确立木莲属独立成属的系统学及分类学地位，确认华盖木属和华木莲属不属于木莲属的范畴，中国木莲属共有35种，2变种，其中包括本文描述的3个新种，云南、广西、贵州和广东是中国木莲属的地理分布中心。根据成熟聚合果的形状将木莲属划分为木莲组和椭果木莲组。在木莲组下根据花梗直立向上或弯垂向下将其划分为木莲亚组和弯梗亚组，作了2个新组合，一个名称被归并为新异名。

中文关键词： 木兰科；木莲属；分类学；修订；中国

英文摘要： Based on the widely field investigation and large amounts of literature and specimen examination, a comprehensive and systematical study on the morphology, palynology, population biology, biogeography and cross-compatibility of the genus Manglietia Blume in China have been carried out to reveal the pattern and law of variation, inquire into the phylogenetic relationship among all taxa, synthetically evaluate the taxonomic significance of morphological characteristics, screen out the most useful taxonomic characteristics, carry out the taxonomic revision of Manglietia Blume in China, and provide scientific basis for the reasonable exploitation and subtanable sustainable development of the forest resource of this genus. The results show that the flower bracts, the hairness of gynoecia, the shape of flower buds and gynoecia, numbers of carpels, the posture of peduncle (erect vs. pendent), pollen exine sculpture, epidermal cell, the shape of stomatal apparatuses and hair characteristics (type, shape and base), wax coats of corneum, the chalazal region, seed size and shape, raphal sinus characteristics, seed surface sculpture, cellular pattern and secondary cell wall sculpture possess important significance for the species delimitation in the genus. the taxonomic status of Manglietia Blume is recognized. Manglietiastrum and Sinomanglietia are regarded to be different from Manglietia Blume. A taxonomic revision of Manglietia Blume in China is carried out. Thirty-five species and two varieties are recognized and four new species are described here. According to the shape of mature fruit aggregates, Manglietia Blume is divided into two sections: sect. Manglietia and sect. Ellipsoideae. Meanwhile, according to the posture of peduncle (erect vs. pendent), sect. Manglietia is divided into two subsections: subsect. Manglietia and subsect. Curvipedunculata. Two new combinations are made, and one name is reduced to new synonymy.

英文关键词： Magnoliaceae; Manglietia; taxonomy; revision; China