生物炭对花生吸收累积邻苯二甲酸酯的影响及机制

项目名称： 生物炭对花生吸收累积邻苯二甲酸酯的影响及机制

项目编号： No.41201507

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 周震峰

作者单位： 青岛农业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 花生是世界主要的油料作物，国际上对花生食品安全问题十分关注。由于我国花生种植长期采用地膜覆盖方式，导致土壤邻苯二甲酸酯污染严重，因此，急需寻找有效的土壤污染防治手段来降低花生邻苯二甲酸酯污染风险。生物炭是一种富有孔隙结构、含碳量高的碳化物质，将其作为土壤添加剂不仅可以改善土壤环境质量，还能在一定程度上控制外源污染物迁移转化。本项目选择花生壳作为原料制备一系列生物炭，利用扫描电镜、元素分析仪、红外光谱仪、比表面积及孔径分析仪等对生物炭元素组成和表面结构进行表征。在此基础上，采用批量平衡实验研究添加生物炭对土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯吸附-解吸的影响，利用室内模拟实验研究添加生物炭对土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯生物降解的影响；通过盆栽试验研究花生吸收累积邻苯二甲酸酯的规律及添加生物炭对吸收累积的影响，结合吸附特征和生物降解规律对其作用机制进行了阐释，为利用生物炭防治土壤有机污染提供了理论依据。

中文关键词： 生物炭；邻苯二甲酸酯；吸附；生物降解；花生

英文摘要： Peanut is an important oil crop in the world, and issues on its food safety attract international attention. Due to peanut cultivation with multching membrane for a long time in our country, soil pollution of Phthalic Ester has been a serious problem. It is important to seek an efficient method of soil pollution prevention to reduce pollution risk of Phthalic Ester of peanut. Biochar is a kind of carbonized material with rich porous structure and carbon. Now biochar is used as soil additive to improve soil environmental quality and control migration and transformation of external pollutants to a certain degree. In the study, peanut shell is selected as raw material to prepare a series of biochar. Element composition and surface texture is analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscope, Element Analyzer, Infrared Spectrometer, Specific Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer. On the basis of above analysis, a batch equilibration method is used to determine effect of sorption and desorption of Phthalic Ester by adding biochar to soil. Laboratory simulation experiments are carried out to study effect of biodegradation of Phthalic Esters in soil by biochar. Pot experiment method is not only used to study law of uptake and accumulation of Phthalic Esters by peanut, but also used to study effect of uptake and accumulation

英文关键词： biochar；phthalic esters；sorption；biodegradation；peanut