镍磷梯度合金的设计、制备及力学性能研究

项目名称： 镍磷梯度合金的设计、制备及力学性能研究

项目编号： No.51471165

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 李毅

作者单位： 中国科学院金属研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 随着社会发展，人类对金属材料的力学性能的要求越来越高。然而，材料的微观组织结构决定了其强韧性之间相互矛盾，如何达到材料力学性能同时提高是材料研究者所追求的目标。构筑梯度材料就是把不同材料，应用新的工艺方法构造在一起，在微观和宏观两个尺度下同时对材料进行构造，使混合体具有比其单质材料更优良的性能, 成为解决金属材料强韧矛盾的有效手段。本项目将通过对镍磷梯度材料的设计、制备及力学性能的研究，探索梯度构筑材料的制备方法，为解决材料多功能性的需求提供新的思路和方法。首先通过化学镀/电镀方法，在镍磷合金中引入不同形式的化学成分梯度/晶粒尺寸梯度/微观组织梯度，然后系统研究不同梯度材料的力学性能，探索梯度合金的变形机理及强韧化规律，指导梯度材料微观结构及宏观尺寸的优化设计。本项目致力于设计、开发梯度构筑材料及其制备工艺，研究其变形机理及强韧化规律，最终达到材料性能的多重优化。

中文关键词： 梯度；构筑；力学性能；镍磷合金

英文摘要： With the rising demand of social development, the requirement for matals with excellent mechancial properties keeps increasing. However, there is an intrinsic limit in controlling the microstructure of materials alone to satisfy high strength and ductility at the same time. Therefore, how to achieve the win-win situation on the material properties has become one of the most important topics.The gradient archtecured materials combine the two length-scales, which is on nano-microsized traditional ways and micro to mm scale at component level to produce multifunctional properties that satisfy the ever increasing needs on the new materials. In this project, the gradient architectured materials are propsed to meet the ever increasing demand by the stduy of the mechanical properties of nickel-phosphorus gradient materials. Frist, different kinds of chemical composition gradient/grain size gradient/microstructure gradient Ni-P alloys are prepared by electroless plating/electroplating method. Through the investigation of mechanical properties of different kinds of gradient materials, the deformation and strenghening mechanism will be further discussed, which will help us to design the gradient materials with optimized microstructure.The deformation mechanism and the relationship between structure and multifunctionality will alos be revealed. Ultimately, this study will help us to design the materials with mutifunctionality for the engineering application.

英文关键词： Gradient;Architectured;Mechanical Properties;Ni-P alloy