项目名称: 鼹科系统演化及分类研究
项目编号: No.31301869
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 何锴
作者单位: 中国科学院昆明动物研究所
项目金额: 24万元
中文摘要: 鼹科哺乳动物在约七千万年的演化中从原始的地表生活演化出多种生态适应型(水生、半地下、地下及地下/水生),显著的形态与生理生态进化使之成为适应性进化研究的天然模型,因此其系统演化关系是受到长期关注的焦点但亦是解决的难点。中国是全球鼹科物种资源最丰富的国家,东喜马拉雅-横断山地区还是生物多样性热点地区,其中存在"隐存种"可能极大。 本研究将主要应用二代测序技术,测定鼹科所有17属包括中国所有特有物种的26个核基因片段约35kb的基因序列,重建鼹科系统进化树,并推算分化时间及祖先类群的分布与迁徙历史。还将结合分子物种界定和几何形态测量技术发现东喜马拉雅-横断山地区可能存在的新物种。通过构建稳固的系统进化树,我们将揭示鼹科物种演化的推动力及适应性特征的起源,重新厘订并完善分类系统,为进一步揭示东喜马拉雅-横断山地区的物种多样性的起源提供证据。本研究的结果将成为哺乳动物"生命之树"的重要组成部分。
中文关键词: 鼹科;生命之树;隐存种;系统进化;适应性进化
英文摘要: The phylogeny of talpid moles poses many outstanding questions because of their extreme morphological, physiological and ecological adaptation to a diverse array of lifestyles evolved from an early terrestrial ancestor: semi-fossorial, semi-aquatic, semi-aquatic/semi-fossorial and fully fossorial (subterranean). Thus, it is a promising model for adaptive evolutionary studies. Unfortunately, a number of non-congruent phylogenies proposed, such that it remains poorly understood over what time scale these animals adapted to different habitats. Furhtermore, China has the highest species diversity of talpid moles and cryptic species may still exist in the Himalayan - Hengduan Mountains, one of the most important biodiversity hotspot on earth. In this study, we attempt to include all 17 genera in the world as well as all Chinese endemic species and sequence 35 kb sequences of 26 genes using the next-generation sequencing technique. We will reconstruct the phylogeny, estimate divergence time and ancient distribution of each lineage. We will also use molecular species delimitation and geometric morphometric approaches to discover the cryptic species in the Hengduan - Himalayan Mountains. A robust and highly supported topology will help us understand the speciation and adaptation force during talpid evolution, revise the
英文关键词: Talpidae;tree of life;cryptic species;phylogeny;adaptive evolution