项目名称: 稻属BBCC异源多倍体的基因组变异和进化机制研究
项目编号: No.31300198
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 邹新慧
作者单位: 中国科学院植物研究所
项目金额: 24万元
中文摘要: 杂交多倍化一直是进化生物学的热点研究问题。现有研究表明,异源多倍体中不同基因组成分的进化非常复杂,亚基因组间是独立进化还是相互作用,相互作用的式样和机制等问题还有待深入探讨。本项目以稻属BBCC异源多倍体物种体系为材料,采用进化基因组学及系统发育分析手段,通过分析多个基因组区域的大片断DNA序列(BAC克隆)和重复基因的表达模式,以探讨异源多倍体中不同亚基因组间的独立进化/相互作用,以及互作机制和进化动力问题,从而在基因组水平上揭示杂交多倍化后基因组的变异和进化机制,丰富植物进化理论。该研究对野生稻基因组序列的解读对于野生稻遗传资源的开发利用也具有较大的指导作用。
中文关键词: 杂交;多倍化;异源多倍体;基因组;进化
英文摘要: Hybridization and polyploidization is always a hot topic in evolutionary biology. Previous studies indicated that the subgenomes that coexist in allopolyploids evolve in a very complex way, and further studies are needed to reveal the patterns and mechanisms of the intersubgenomic interactions. The present study was planned to conduct a genomic study on Oryza allopolyploid with BC-genome and its parents, which is an excellent system for allopolyploid research. We'll select multiple large genomic regions across the genome (BAC clone) and analyze the obtained sequences using methods of evolutionary genomics and phylogenetics, along with the expression patterns of the duplicated genes, in order to discuss the evolutionary independence or interactions between the subgenomes and the underlying mechanisms. Our object is to elucidate the dynamic evolution of subgenomes after the hybridization and polyploidization and its molecular mechanism from a perspective of genome sequences. Additionally, the deciphering of the genomes of wild rice could make a good foundation for developing and utilizing the genetic resources of genus Oryza.
英文关键词: Hybridization;Polyploidization;Allopolyploid;Genome;Evolution