重金属化合物在皮蛋凝固过程中的双重协同调控作用机理研究

项目名称： 重金属化合物在皮蛋凝固过程中的双重协同调控作用机理研究

项目编号： No.31460400

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 赵燕

作者单位： 南昌大学

项目金额： 52万元

中文摘要： 皮蛋是我国独创的大宗传统蛋制品，但其工艺中仍必须使用重金属化合物。我们发现重金属化合物除可调控碱渗入而影响皮蛋凝固外，还可与蛋白质作用直接影响皮蛋的凝固，但上述双重协同调控机理有待阐明。因此，本项目拟研究铜、锌、铁、铅等重金属元素在皮蛋腌制过程中的迁移与形态分布特征；同时研究禽蛋壳（膜）上不溶性化合物的沉积规律，分离并鉴定其化学构成，并通过与蛋内成分降解规律的相关性分析探明其阴离子前体化合物，建立完善的重金属化合物堵孔理论体系；进一步通过分析建立重金属化合物演变、碱浓度动态变化、皮蛋凝胶品质之间的关系，阐明重金属化合物在皮蛋凝固过程中动态调控碱渗入的机理。在此基础上，运用壳外碱化模型研究重金属化合物在碱诱导禽蛋蛋白质凝胶化过程中对其质构、微观结构、分子结构与构象、分子间作用力的影响，阐明其协同碱诱导禽蛋蛋白质凝胶形成的作用机理。本研究成果可为皮蛋无重金属化技术的开发提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 重金属化合物；皮蛋；凝固；碱调控；协同诱导

英文摘要： Preserved egg is one of bulk and traditional egg products in our country, which is originated in China. However, until now the heavy metal compounds still have to be used in its processing. We have found that heavy metal compounds can affect gelation of preserved egg by indirectly regulating alkali permeate into preserved egg, and also by directly reacting with egg proteins. But the dual coordination regulation mechanism remains to be clarified. Therefore, this project aims to study the migration and species distribution characteristics of copper, zinc, iron, lead and other heavy metals during the process of preserved egg. At the same time, the deposition law of insoluble compounds on the eggshell (eggshell membrane), separation and identification of the chemical compositions will be studied, and ascertain their anionic precursor compounds according to degradation rule of egg components through correlation analysis, then establish a perfect heavy metal compounds plug hole theory system, build the relationship between evolution of heavy metal compounds, the dynamic change of alkali concentration, and preserved egg gel quality further through correlation analysis, clarify the mechanism of dynamically control alkali infiltration process of heavy metal compounds during preserved egg pickling. On this basis, using alkaline model, the influences of heavy metal compounds on texture characteristics, microstructure, molecular structure and conformation, molecular interactions of alkali-induced egg protein gels will be studied to illuminate the mechanism of heavy metal compounds during alkali-induced preserved egg protein gelation process. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of preserved egg without heavy metal technology.

英文关键词： heavy metal compound;preserved egg;gelation;alkali regulation;coordination induction