基于波前编码的高质量近衍射极限光学遥感成像技术研究

项目名称： 基于波前编码的高质量近衍射极限光学遥感成像技术研究

项目编号： No.61205186

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 信息四处

项目作者： 陈守谦

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 恶劣的在轨成像环境，包括大气扰动、光学系统失调和相机的离焦等，会降低成像系统传递函数(MTF)，造成图像的退化，表现为图像模糊、分辨能力差、细节能力不强，严重影响了图像数据的有效应用。本研究旨在通过波前编码技术，消除光学遥感成像系统MTF下降引起的图像退化，提高遥感图像质量，充分发挥获取图像的应用效能。通过对基于波前编码技术的光学遥感成像系统的机理研究，提出适合于改善光学遥感成像系统MTF的相位掩模板，在此基础上对相位掩模板参数实现最优化设计；通过对解码算法的研究，提出可获得衍射极限MTF的图像复原算法；最后，搭建原理性实验平台，对波前编码技术改善光学遥感成像系统成像质量的理论进行实验验证。该课题的研究成果将为提高光学遥感图像像质提供理论基础和指导方法，也可用于提高星地探测光电系统和近空间高速飞行器光电对地成像系统的成像质量。

中文关键词： 光学遥感；波前编码；相位板；图像复原；大气湍流

英文摘要： The bad in-orbit imaging conditions including the atmosphere turbulence, deviation of optical system and defocus of camera, will reduce the imaging system's MTF and degrade satellite images. And thus in-orbit satellite images are very blurred, and contain less textures and edges, and can't be fully used. In the research, the wavefront coding technique is explored to eliminate the degradation of the optical remote sensing imaging system's MTF, improve the satellite image quality, and fully exploit the satellite images. The optical remote sensing imaging system based on wavefront coding technique, we proposed the phase mask which can enhance the optical remote sensing imaging system's MTF. The phase mask parameters are optimized to meet the high imaging quality. According to the investigation of the decoding algorithms, we proposed image restoration algorithm which can obtain the diffraction-limit MTF. Finally, the overall validation scheme is presented and the principle imaging platform is built. The imaging quality of optical remote sensing imaging system is verified on the platform. This study can also provide the theoretical basis and guidelines for improving the optical satellite image quality, and imaging quality of the satellite-earth detection system and the proximity space-to-ground detection system.

英文关键词： optical remote sensing；wavefront coding；phase mask；image restoration；atmosphere turbulence