基于环境同位素的干旱区沙地天然灌木群落耗水机理研究

项目名称： 基于环境同位素的干旱区沙地天然灌木群落耗水机理研究

项目编号： No.51269013

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 贾德彬

作者单位： 内蒙古农业大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 由于国民经济经济迅猛发展，工业生产用水量逐年增加，使得维持天然植被的生长和发展生态建设用水逐渐减少，生态和生产用水矛盾更加突出，为此本项目以浑善达克沙地为研究区，选取典型灌木群落为研究对象，通过对不同自然地理条件生态系统下的气象、水文、植被生理生态等要素和大气、植物、土壤的环境同位素的测定，利用环境同位素氧18、氚、氘的示踪技术，分析大气-植物-土壤界面水分及物质传输规律；利用能量平衡原理建立以小时为时段的参数体系，用气孔导度-光合-蒸腾耦合的多涌源模型（SMPTSB）研究植被蒸腾机理，用植被蒸散发模型和土壤水热均衡模型的耦合模型研究浑善达克沙地天然灌木群落耗水机理，将天然灌木群落的耗水量计算模型与基于环境同位素的大气-植物-土壤-地表水-地下水水循环模型的相互耦合，计算沙地天然灌木群落的耗水量，揭示天然灌木群落蒸散发水分的来源分布，分析气候变化对沙地生态系统影响及其反馈效应。

中文关键词： 沙地生态系统；天然灌木；水分来源；耗水量；稳定同位素

英文摘要： Due to the rapid economic development of national economy, industrial production water consumption increases year by year, keeping the natural vegetation growth and development of ecological construction of water gradually reduced, ecological and water production contradiction is more outstanding. This project takes Hunshandake as study area, selecting typical shrub community as the research object. According to the different natural and geographical conditions of ecological system under the weather, hydrology, vegetation physiological and ecological factors and air, plants, soil environmental isotope determination,use environmental isotopes oxygen 18, tritium, deuteriumtracer technology, analysis of Atmospheric - plant - soil interface of water and substance transfer rule; Use of the energy balance principle to establish hours for the time parameter system, researching vegetation transpiration mechanism with stomatal conductance, photosynthetic and transpira -tion coupling multiple Chung source model ( SMPTSB ), use the coupled model of vegetation evapotranspiration model and soil water heat balance model to study the natural shrub community water consumption rule of the Hunshandake Sandy land, coupling natural shrub community ecological water consumption calculation model and based on environmental isotopes in

英文关键词： Sandy ecosystem；Natural shrub；Water source；Water Consumption；Stable isotopes