制备生物质航空煤油前体的磺化炭固体酸催化剂的设计合成

项目名称： 制备生物质航空煤油前体的磺化炭固体酸催化剂的设计合成

项目编号： No.21506213

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 李广亿

作者单位： 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 航空煤油是我国需求量较大的一种液体燃料。利用农林废弃物合成航空煤油已成为当前国际生物质能源研究的热点问题之一。在前期工作中，我们开发了一系列以糠醛及其衍生物通过酸催化烷基化反应合成航空煤油路线。本项目针对目前该路线中烷基化反应所用固体酸催化剂制备工艺繁琐、价格昂贵等问题，结合疏水性介孔材料和生物质磺化炭的制备方法，提出在一步法制备生物质磺化炭的方法中，通过加入模板剂和表面修饰剂，增加固体酸催化剂介孔比表面积和疏水性能，构建具有较高烷基化反应的活性、选择性和稳定性的催化剂体系。通过一系列的表征阐明生物质磺化炭催化剂的酸量、酸强度、孔分布以及亲疏水性能与其烷基化反应催化活性之间的关系，解释催化剂高活性的本质及其催化2-甲基呋喃与糠醛等羰基化合物的烷基化反应机理，为实现低成本合成以糠醛为原料的航空煤油支链烷烃的工业化应用提供关键技术和理论支撑。

中文关键词： 航空煤油；烷基化反应；固体酸催化剂；疏水性；生物质磺化炭

英文摘要： Jet fuel is one of the most demanding liquid fuels in our country. Synthesis of jet fuel from agriculture wastes and forest residues has become a hot topic in the field of biomass conversion. In our previous work, a series of routes were developed for synthesis of jet fuel range alkanes through alkylation of 2-methylfuran (2-MF) with different carbonyl compounds. As to the investigated routes, the preparation of the solid acids used in the alkylation reaction is always complicated and highly expensive. To solve the aforementioned problem, a novel method was employed to prepare a well-performanced sulfonated carbon material. Specifically, combined with the preparation method of mesoporous material and biomass-based sulfonated carbon, a one-step process for sulfonated carbon preparation was proposed by addition of surfactants and templates, which could enhance the surface hydrophobicity as well as contribute to generation of mesopores thus increases the specific surface area. This design strategy will promote the activity, selectivity and stability of the carbon catalysts in the alkylation reactions. Then the catalysts will be characterized by various technologies to measure their acid amounts, acid strength, pore size distribution and surface wettability and then interpret the intrinsic reasons for the high catalytic performance as well as the reaction mechanism of 2-MF with furfural and other lignocellulose-based carbonyl compounds. All these research results will lay the foundation of key theories and technologies for the future industrial production of furfural-derived jet fuel range branched alkanes at low costs.

英文关键词： Jet fuel;alkylation ;solid acid catalyst;hydrophobicity ;biomass sulfonated carbon