不同性质有机质悬浮的纳米碳管对有机污染物行为的影响

项目名称： 不同性质有机质悬浮的纳米碳管对有机污染物行为的影响

项目编号： No.41303093

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 张迪

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 环境地球化学过程中形成的溶解有机质（DOM）在性质上存在很大的差异。根据不同性质，DOM可能通过胶束包裹或"拉拉链"的方式使纳米碳管（CNTs）悬浮。以往研究主要关注有机污染物在CNTs上的表观吸附过程，对不同分散机制下悬浮的CNTs与污染物的相互作用关注不够。初步研究表明，尽管悬浮的CNTs所占比例很低，但其对吸附的贡献非常显著，因此，理解CNTs悬浮方式对污染物行为的影响可能才是控制CNTs行为和风险的关键环节。本申请拟以溶解胡敏酸为代表性DOM，系统考察pH、离子强度、DOM极性、结构等对DOM分散CNTs机制的影响，进而评价不同机制下悬浮CNTs的吸附特征。重点比较悬浮的CNTs与聚合的CNTs对污染物吸附性能的差别，定量不同机制悬浮的CNTs在表观吸附中的贡献，为有机污染物-CNTs体系的环境风险评价建立数据储备，并为CNTs作为高性能吸附剂在环境学中的应用提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 天然有机质；纳米碳管；化学结构；吸附机制；悬浮机制

英文摘要： Nanotechnology has become one of the most promising new technologies in the 21st century. Engineered nanomaterials will inevitably be released into the environment during manufacturing, application or disposal, and may become a very important component of the environment. As an important member of engineered nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used in many areas with very increasing production due to their unique properties. Unfortunately, CNTs have been demonstrated to be toxic to various organisms. In addition, the strong interaction between CNTs and various pollutants significantly alters the mobility, bioavailability, and toxicity of both CNTs and pollutants. Therefore, the widespread of CNTs can lead to unforeseen health and environmental risks. The co-existence of CNTs and dissolved organic matter (DOM) could widely occur in the environment because of the ubiquity of DOM and the increasing application of CNTs. DOM has been reported to effectively suspend CNTs by "unzippering" or DOM coating mechanism. The mobility and transport of dispersed CNTs and CNT-adsorbed organic chemicals could subsequently be promoted in natural aqueous environments, potentially enhancing the spread of various organic chemicals and their environmental risk. Most of studies focused on the apparent total sorption of organic p

英文关键词： nature organic matter；carbon nanotubes；chemical structure；adsorption mechanism；suspension mechanism