Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education, offering unprecedented opportunities to personalize learning, enhance assessment, and support educators. Yet these opportunities also introduce risks related to equity, privacy, and student autonomy. This chapter develops the concept of bidirectional human-AI alignment in education, emphasizing that trustworthy learning environments arise not only from embedding human values into AI systems but also from equipping teachers, students, and institutions with the skills to interpret, critique, and guide these technologies. Drawing on emerging research and practical case examples, we explore AI's evolution from support tool to collaborative partner, highlighting its impacts on teacher roles, student agency, and institutional governance. We propose actionable strategies for policymakers, developers, and educators to ensure that AI advances equity, transparency, and human flourishing rather than eroding them. By reframing AI adoption as an ongoing process of mutual adaptation, the chapter envisions a future in which humans and intelligent systems learn, innovate, and grow together.
翻译:人工智能(AI)正在变革教育领域,为个性化学习、评估优化和教育者支持提供了前所未有的机遇。然而,这些机遇也伴随着公平性、隐私保护与学生自主性等方面的风险。本章提出教育中双向人机对齐的概念,强调可信赖学习环境的构建不仅需要将人类价值观嵌入AI系统,同时需要赋能教师、学生及教育机构掌握解读、批判与引导这些技术的能力。基于前沿研究与实际案例,我们探讨了AI从辅助工具向协作伙伴的演进过程,重点关注其对教师角色、学生能动性与机构治理的影响。我们为政策制定者、开发者和教育工作者提出可操作的策略,以确保AI技术能够促进教育公平、透明化与人类发展,而非削弱这些核心价值。通过将AI应用重新定义为持续的双向适应过程,本章展望了人类与智能系统共同学习、创新与成长的未来图景。