刺参对浅海浮筏贝类养殖系统的生物修复作用研究

项目名称： 刺参对浅海浮筏贝类养殖系统的生物修复作用研究

项目编号： No.30871932

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 袁秀堂

作者单位： 国家海洋环境监测中心

项目金额： 28万元

中文摘要： 本项目在现场研究浅海浮筏贝类养殖系统自身污染输出的基础上，构建了贝、参多营养层次综合养殖模式；较为系统地研究了刺参的生物修复潜力和修复机制，阐明了其生物修复作用。研究结果表明，刺参对浅海筏式贝类养殖系统具有较大的生物修复潜力；刺参对筏式贝藻养殖系统不同碳、氮负荷自污染物的清除效率（SE）分别为0.83~4.57 mg Cog-1od-1和0.28~0.76 mg Nog-1od-1；清除效率和碳(C)、氮(N)含量之间回归关系可用SEC=0.7368+14.9488C和SEN=0.2281+0.2202N来描述；不同温度下（10~30℃#65289;刺参对碳和氮的清除效率可用回归方程SEC = 0.7639T3 - 11.886T2 + 48.745T - 30.316和SEN = 0.2324T3 - 3.0212T2 + 10.869T - 6.76描述；刺参的生物扰动作用可以显著降低贝类生物沉积物中有机质、总有机碳、总有机氮、细菌、叶绿素等的积累，增强沉积物的稳定性。

中文关键词： 刺参;浅海筏式养殖系统;自身污染;生物修复

英文摘要： Suspension aquaculture of filter-feeding bivalves produces large amount of faeces and pseudofaeces (biodeposits) that may impact the aquaculture environment; deposit-feeding sea cucumbers may effectively utilize such particulate wastes and act as a scavenger. In this project, we constructed the integrated culture model of deposit-feeder Apostichopus japonicus with filter-feeding bivalves, and designed the in situ and laboratory-based simulative studies to investigate the bioremediation potential and mechanisms of sea cucumber. Results showed that A. japonicus co-cultivated with bivalves in lantern nets could ingest 4.5-159.6kgohm-2od-1 dry biodeposits and release 1382.5-3678.1 mmolohm-2od-1 NH4+-N and 74.6-335.7 mmolohm-2od-1 PO43- - P, respectively，indicating that the deposit-feeding sea cucumber had a promising bioremediation capability in suspension aquaculture systems;the scavenging efficiencies of carbon and nitrogen (SEC, SEN) in the sea cucumbers fed particulate wastes were 0.83-4.57 mg Cog-1od-1 and 0.28-0.76 mg Nog-1od-1 respectively and the correlationship between SEC or SEN and carbon and nitrogen contents (C or N) could be better described as SEC=0.7368+14.9488C or SEN=0.2281+0.2202N; SEC or SEN of A. japonicus and carbon and nitrogen contents (C or N) in sediments could be better described as SEC = 0.7639T3 - 11.886T2 + 48.745T - 30.316 and SEN = 0.2324T3 - 3.0212T2 + 10.869T - 6.76 at 10-30℃ A. japonicus could effectively decrease the contents of organic matter, total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen, bacteria and chla in sediments, and increase sediment stability by bioturbation process.

英文关键词： sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus); bivalve suspension culture system; self-pollution; bioremediation