Computer science educators are increasingly integrating open source contributions into classes to prepare students for higher expectations due to GenAI, and to improve employment outcomes in an increasingly competitive job market. However, little is known about how employers view student open source contributions. This paper addresses two research questions qualitatively: what traits do employers desire for entry-level hires in 2025, and how can they be demonstrated through open source contributions? It also tests quantitatively the hypothesis that student knowledge of employers' expectations will improve their motivation to work on open source projects. To answer our qualitative questions, we conducted interviews with US hiring managers. We collaborated with each interviewee to create a "hiring manager agreement," which listed desirable traits and specific ways to demonstrate them through open source, along with a promise to interview some students meeting the criteria. To evaluate our quantitative hypothesis, we surveyed 650 undergraduates attending public universities in the US using an instrument based on expectancy-value theory. Hiring managers wanted many non-technical traits that are difficult to teach in traditional CS classes, such as initiative. There were many commonalities in how employers wanted to see these traits demonstrated in open source contributions. Viewing hiring manager agreements improved student motivation to contribute to open source projects. Our findings suggest that open source contributions may help CS undergraduates get hired, but this requires sustained engagement in multiple areas. Educators can motivate students by sharing employer expectations, but further work is required to determine if this changes their behavior.
翻译:计算机科学教育者正越来越多地将开源贡献融入课程,以应对生成式人工智能带来的更高期望,并在日益激烈的就业市场中改善学生的就业结果。然而,雇主如何看待学生的开源贡献尚不明确。本文通过定性方法探讨两个研究问题:雇主对2025年入门级员工期望哪些特质,以及如何通过开源贡献展示这些特质?同时,本文定量检验了以下假设:学生对雇主期望的了解将提升他们参与开源项目的动机。为回答定性问题,我们访谈了美国招聘经理,并与每位受访者合作创建了“招聘经理协议”,其中列出了期望特质及通过开源展示这些特质的具体方式,并承诺面试部分符合条件的学生。为评估定量假设,我们基于期望价值理论设计工具,调查了650名美国公立大学本科生。招聘经理期望许多传统计算机科学课程难以教授的非技术特质,例如主动性。雇主在期望如何通过开源贡献展示这些特质方面存在诸多共性。查看招聘经理协议提升了学生参与开源项目的动机。我们的研究结果表明,开源贡献可能有助于计算机科学本科生获得聘用,但这需要他们在多个领域持续投入。教育者可通过分享雇主期望来激励学生,但需进一步研究以确定这是否会改变其行为。