Blockchain technologies are one possible avenue for increasing the resilience of the Smart Grid, by decentralizing the monitoring and control of system-level objectives such as voltage stability protection. They furthermore offer benefits in data immutability and traceability, as blockchains are cryptographically secured. However, the performance of blockchain-based systems in real-time grid monitoring and control has never been empirically tested. This study proposes implementing a decentralized voltage stability algorithm using blockchain-based smart contracts, as a testbed for evaluating the performance of blockchains in real-time control. We furthermore investigate sharding mechanisms as a means of improving the system's scalability with fixed computing resources. We implement our models as a proof-of-concept prototype system using Hyperledger Fabric as our blockchain platform, the Matpower library in MATLAB as our power system simulator, and Hyperledger Caliper as our performance evaluation tool. We found that sharding does indeed lead to a substantial improvement in system scalability for this domain, measured by both transaction success rates and transaction latency.
翻译:通过分散监测和控制电压稳定保护等系统级目标来提高智能网的复原力,从而提高智能网的技术是可能的渠道之一,这些技术在数据不可移动性和可追踪性方面提供了好处,因为块链是加密的,然而,在实时电网监测和控制中,块链系统的性能从未经过经验测试。本研究报告建议采用分散的电压稳定性算法,使用块链智能合同作为测试台,评价实时控制块链的性能。我们进一步调查碎片化机制,作为改进系统使用固定计算机资源可缩放性的一种手段。我们采用模型作为验证概念的原型系统,使用超模拉动器模型作为我们的链路平台,MATLAB的Matpower图书馆作为我们的电源系统模拟器,以及超动器卡利伯作为我们的业绩评价工具。我们发现,硬化确实能够通过交易成功率和交易耐久性衡量,大大改进这个领域的系统可缩度。