Knowledge graphs have become popular over the past years and frequently rely on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) or Property Graphs (PG) as underlying data models. However, the query languages for these two data models -- SPARQL for RDF and Gremlin for property graph traversal -- are lacking interoperability. We present Gremlinator, a novel SPARQL to Gremlin translator. Gremlinator translates SPARQL queries to Gremlin traversals for executing graph pattern matching queries over graph databases. This allows to access and query a wide variety of Graph Data Management Systems (DMS) using the W3C standardized SPARQL query language and avoid the learning curve of a new Graph Query Language. Gremlin is a system-agnostic traversal language covering both OLTP graph database or OLAP graph processors, thus making it a desirable choice for supporting interoperability wrt. querying Graph DMSs. We present a comprehensive empirical evaluation of Gremlinator and demonstrate its validity and applicability by executing SPARQL queries on top of the leading graph stores Neo4J, Sparksee, and Apache TinkerGraph and compare the performance with the RDF stores Virtuoso, 4Store and JenaTDB. Our evaluation demonstrates the substantial performance gain obtained by the Gremlin counterparts of the SPARQL queries, especially for star-shaped and complex queries.
翻译:过去几年来,知识图表变得很流行,并经常依赖资源描述框架或财产图(PG)作为基本数据模型,但是,这两个数据模型的查询语言 -- -- RDF的SPARQL 和属性图曲轴的Gremlin -- -- 缺乏互操作性。我们向Gremlin笔译员介绍Gremlin数据库或Gremlin图表处理器的Gremlin软件。Gremlinator将SPARQL查询翻译给Gremlin Trators,用于执行与图形数据库相匹配的图表查询。这便于利用W3C标准化的SPARQL查询语言访问和查询各种图表数据管理系统(DMS),并避免新的图表Query语言的学习曲线。Gremlin是一种系统-Agnal-Criporal语言,涵盖OLTP图库数据库或OLAP图解算器,因此这是支持协作模式的可取的选择。我们用Gremlinator对Gremal-L查询系统、Sparak-GRA和S的直径、Serreal-Ceral 4S的S、Spractal、Serviewal、S、Syal-CSyal-Syal-Syal、Syal-Servial-S、Syal-Syal-Syal-CS、S、Sprass、S、Stracual-Sy-S、S、S、S、S、Spral-Syal-Spral-Stracal-Syal-Syal-Sy、S、Syal-S、S、Syal-Syal-Syal-S、S、Syal-Syal-S、S-Stracal-S、S、S、S、Sprass-S、S、S、S-S-S-S-S-S-Spral-Spral-Sal-Spral-S、S、S-S-S-S、S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S