基于遥感的植物入侵对生态系统净初级生产力的影响研究

项目名称： 基于遥感的植物入侵对生态系统净初级生产力的影响研究

项目编号： No.40801168

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 林文鹏

作者单位： 上海师范大学

项目金额： 19万元

中文摘要： 项目以生态学、地理学等相关学科理论为指导，综合运用遥感、GIS 技术、野外点上调查和模型分析方法，分析和评估植物入侵对生态系统净初级生产力的影响。2009-2011年，课题组开展了大量深入的研究工作，包括3次赴崇明东滩湿地和九段沙湿地野外实地调查与数据采集、室内数据分析、模型算法和结果分析等。主要得到了以下研究成果：（1）采用了面向对象的遥感影像多尺度分割的湿地植被提取方法，以较高精度提取了入侵植物互花米草以及土著植被芦苇和海三棱藨草这三种湿地典型优势群落；（2）采用地面实测数据与遥感技术相结合的方法，运用统计模型，建立了基于ENVISAT ASAR后向散射系数和SPOT5植被指数的湿地典型植被叶面积指数（LAI）遥感反演模型；（3）根据样方实测数据，建立了基于LAI的样方湿地植被NPP回归模型，结合区域尺度的LAI遥感估测模型，建立了区域尺度植被群落净初级生产力的遥感估算模型，实现了实测点数据的区域尺度化；（4）借助GIS软件，获得了三种典型植被NPP空间分布图，计算出不同植被总净初级生产力和平均净初级生产力值，通过"种群替代"法，定量分析和评估植物入对生态系统净初级生产力的影响。

中文关键词： 植物入侵；遥感；净初级生产力；模型模拟

英文摘要： The NSFC project is to explore how quantificationally analize and evaluate plant invasion impact on ecosystem net primary productivity , integrated use of remote sensing and GIS technology, field survey on methods and models. During the period of the NSFC funding, since 2009 to 2011, various but deeply R&D projects were organized, including three times of field survey in Chongming Dongtan wetlands and Jiuduansha wetlands, data analysis, model development and results analysis. The main research results are as the following: (1)Based on Object-Oriented multi-Scale Remote sensing image segmentation, the three kinds of typical wetland vegetation- - Spartina alterniflora, Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter were extracted in the study area. (2)Estimation LAI models were established based on ENVISAT ASAR backscattering coefficient and SPOT5 vegetation index, combined with survey data, experimental methods and statistical models.(3) According the NPP regression model at sample and LAI estimation model at region scale, different wetland vegetation NPP model was set up at regional scale; (4) Based on above established model, using GIS software, we can quantificationally analize and evaluate plant invasion impact on the ecosystem NPP through the "population replacement" method. The project provides a good method and theoretical base for analysis and evaluation of plant invasion impact on the ecosystem structure and function.

英文关键词： Plant invasion; Remote sensing; Net primary productivity; Model simulation