Physics-informed neural network method for modelling beam-wall interactions

A mesh-free approach for modelling beam-wall interactions in particle accelerators is proposed. The key idea of our method is to use a deep neural network as a surrogate for the solution to a set of partial differential equations involving the particle beam, and the surface impedance concept. The proposed approach is applied to the coupling impedance of an accelerator vacuum chamber with thin conductive coating, and also verified in comparison with the existing analytical formula.