Hyperledger Fabric is a popular open-source project for deploying permissioned blockchains. Many performance characteristics of the latest Hyperledger Fabric, such as performance characteristics of each phase, the impacts of ordering services, and bottleneck and scalability, are still not well understood due to the performance complexity of distributed systems. We conducted a thorough performance evaluation on the first long term support release of Hyperledger Fabric. We studied the performance characteristics of each phase, including execute, order, and the validate phase, according to Hyperledger Fabric new execute-order-validate architecture. We also studied the ordering services, including Solo, Kafka, and Raft. Our experimental results showed some findings as follows. 1) The execution phase exhibited a good scalability under the OR endorsement policy but not with the AND endorsement policy. 2) We were not able to find a significant performance difference between the three ordering services. 3) The validate phase was likely to be the system bottleneck due to the low validation speed of chaincode. Overall, our work helps to understand and improve Hyperledger Fabric.
翻译:Hyperledger Fabric 是一个用于部署特许链条的受欢迎的开放源码项目。最新的Hyperledger Fabric 的许多性能特点,例如每个阶段的性能特点、订购服务的影响、瓶颈和可缩缩性等,由于分布式系统的性能复杂性,仍然不能很好地理解。我们对Hyperledger Fabric 首次长期支持释放Hyperledger Fabric的性能评估进行了彻底的绩效评估。我们研究了每个阶段的性能特点,包括执行、订单和验证阶段,根据Hyperledger 新的执行命令-validate 结构。我们还研究了包括Solo、Kafka和Raft在内的定购服务。我们实验结果显示了一些以下结果:(1) 根据批准政策,执行阶段的可缩放性良好,但与批准政策无关。(2) 我们无法发现三个订购服务之间在性能上存在显著的差异。(3)根据Hyledger Fabric的低验证速度,验证阶段很可能是系统瓶颈。总体说,我们的工作有助于理解和改进Hyledledger Fabric。